The Sustainable Event Management Environmental Sciences Essay

The Sustainable Event Management milieual Sciences analyseThis report provide general introduce what is sustainability and to connect every last(predicate) the concepts and theories to the capital of Red china exceedings. both the sustainability policies will connexion to the Triple- arse- concern theory and with suitable recommendations. The general thought of what International exceeding Committee IOC is about and the role of IOC play with the majestic. every the economic, environmental and social reachs that did by capital of Red China during the exceeding Games. The environmental roaring point and failures that the capital of Red China majestic faced. How capital of Red China butt joint meliorate or how the London Olympic can learn from capital of Red ChinaIntroductionThe routine of this report is to critically analyse concepts and theories of sustainability relevant to the events industry. All these sustainability policies will link to the Triple-Bottom-Lin e theory and suitable recommendations will be shown.Sustainability emergence means to cherish the environment, further still meet the emergency of human, without compromising the future tense generations need and festering. The term sustainability derives from a political and socially constructed terminology that supports the universal indemnity of sustainable organic evolution (Dresner, 2002 Rogers et al., 2008).In more recent times with a heavy(p)er appreciation by nations of environmental matters and a move to a more sustainable society, the IOC requires the Olympic Games host country to implement strategies to comfort the environment, observe concepts of equity and social justice and, where possible, minimise consumption of qualification and water. The ravages minimise and to ensure that it is recycled as much as possible atomic number 18 the critical factors for selection when a country is bidding for the Game.The capital of Red China Olympic was the atomic number 19est Olympic ever, and will prove by articles, journals, etc.The check and objectivesTo critically analysis the sustainability policy of the Olympics, create linkage to the Triple Bottom Line theory and provide sustainable recommendations for critical appraisal of the Olympics sustainability policy.International Olympic Committee IOCThe Olympic were nearly ended in 1976 Montreal Olympics, Canada. Due to the great(p) venues built and the investiture was 10 times over from the original budget. Olympics non but need to carry a heavy debt burden but withal damage the environment. in that locationfore, Olympics at one time focus on the sustainable development when the cities bid for the Olympics (Aim of Olympic 2008). peerless of IOC roles is to encourage and support a obligated concern for environmental issues, to promote sustainable development in sportsman and to require that the Olympic Games ar held accordingly (IOC 2011)The Olympic Movement agendum 21 was examined duri ng the terce IOC World Conference on Sport and the Environment in Rio in 1999, and approved by the IOC session in capital of South Korea in June 1999. The goal of Agenda 21 is to amplification the participation of local anesthetic residents, to ameliorate the social-economic and health benefits they derive from it, strengthen foreign cooperation take tos for sustainable development, encourage combat social exclusion, encourage impudently consumer habits, promote a sports radical which is even better adapted to social needs, and further improve the integrating of development and environment concepts into sports policies (IOC 1999).The Beijing Olympic 2008The idea of putting green Olympic in Beijings bid was the strongest element to win the right to host the 2008 Games. The Beijing Organising Committee for the Games of the XXIX Olympiad (BOCOG)s environmental programme was foc employ on improvement, security measure and sense- height. The Olympic venues were constructed by environmentally palsy-walsy and energy- salvage building materials. Beijing has stupefy significant endeavors to improve mail fictional character, expand forestation, enhance public cloaca and dispel treatment systems.(IOC 2012)When Beijing was awarded the Games in 2001, the IOC Evaluation Committee none costy Beijing currently faces a number of environmental pressures and issues, particularly institutionalise pollution. However, it has an ambitious several(predicate)iate of plans designed, which are comprehensive enough to greatly improve Beijings overall environmental condition. These plans and actions will require a significant effort and financial investment. The result would be a major legacy for Beijing from the Olympic Games, which include increased environmental awareness among the population. (IOC 2012)As the initiative developing country to host the Olympic Games, US$17 meg was invested on environment initiatives by China for the Games. China was non only t o fulfil its original promises in the bid, but also to gain great achievement on environment sustainability (UNEP, 2009). discolourpeace has made a evaluation conducted that the BOCOG and the Beijing government had created a positive legacy in terms of environmental initiative for the city (Greenpeace, 2008).The Beijing Olympics made a great environmental achievements, therefore, the Beijing Municipal environmental Protection Bureau and BOCOG won the first-ever IOC acquaint for Sport and the Environment for Asia at the 8th World Conference on Sport and the Environment in Vancouver (Benjamin, 2009).According to Managing Business Ethics, Triple Bottom Line was defined as the impacts of economic, social and environmental (Trevino Nelson, 2011). The triple scum bag lint of the sustainable development referred to the simultaneous pursuit of economic prosperity, environmental quality and social equity.Economic ImpactThe Olympics always help to improve not a city, but also a countrys ec onomy. Such mega-event requires considerable investments in infrastructural developments, sports venues, and other types of industries. Therefore, these will bring both short term and unyielding term effects on the chinas economy and publicity.Beijing reached its highest economic branch rate of 12.8 percent, a gross domestic product (GDP) per capita of USD 6,331, and the fixed assets investment of USD 3.527 one thousand thousand in 2007. Based on the criteria issued by the World Bank, Beijings socio-economic development is graded on a world ranking in the hustle of the upper-middle level, placeable for example by the increase of the average annual prosecute of 109.4 percent from 2001 to 2007.For the Infrastructure Projects, according to the Beijing Olympic Action Plan, Beijings tally investment in Olympic-related projects is expected to reach USD $180 million and is divided up into three different elements. The first part was employmentd in the Olympic competition venues a nd the related facilities the second was spent on citys infrastructural development the third part was invested in projects, such as environmental protection and transportation.One of the largest projects was the enlargement of Beijings international circulariseport, which became one of the worlds top five busiest airports during the Olympic season. In order to meet the high demand of air transportation a new terminal is being constructed amounting to a value of USD 2.1 billion, which will be the worlds largest terminal with a direct connection to the downtown area in 15 minute intervals. With the Number 3 Terminal being spotless in February 2008, the three terminals of the airport will have a future total annual handling expertness of approximately 82 cardinal passengers.Beijing has spent USD 700 million on upgrading its public transportation system, in order to avoid the traffic conjunctions during normal or rush hours. There are some(prenominal) projects helped to ensure the Olympic tourists enjoyed an easy, fast and safe strike from one sporting event to another. Six new expressways will link the downtown area and the airport as well as other cities of China. Six new subway and light railway lines will give for better travel connection. Additionally, several bus lanes have been introduced whereby, during rush hour, all vehicles except for public buses must keep clear. All construction sites were use environmentally friendly technologies and measures. For example, all old buses replaced with new ones that possess updated catalytic converters.RecommendationBeijing should push the industrial technology to a cleansing agent output. Renewable energy technology as solar lighting, geothermal oestrus and solar PV systems should be promoted widely during the Game. Smart design and energy effective technologies must be used as the building standards for new buildings. Although the BOCOG has introduced environmentally friendly policies guidelines for const ruction or purchasing materials, because it is not mandatory, companies may not follow the guidelines.environmental ImpactImprove infrastructure to both speed the 2008 Green Olympics needs, the need for sustainable development to achieve the capital.For the environmental aspects, the BOCOG had set a comprehensive framework in order to coordinate all the sustainability projects. BOCOG started in early 2002 to design an Environmental Management System (EMS) complying with the international standard ISO 14001. (UNEP, 2009) The ISO 14001 standard is to establish an organized approach to castrate the impact of the environmental aspects which an organization has under its control. This standard helps the organizations to minimize their operational banish impacts on the environment (for example, air, waste, water), and continually to improve their environmental performance. The Committee passed the ISO 14001 documentation audit in September 2005 and one year later was also certified ac cording to the new 2004 release of the standard.Beijing has launched a new vehicle emission standard to EURO IV for the Olympics in order to improve the air quality. This emission standard is the strictest standard in the world. During the Games, 20% of the Olympic venue electricity was purchased from cheat power station which supplies with clean wind sources. The first Beijing wind power generation station can generate 100 million KHz of electricity per which, that means this capacity can meet 100,000 families demand.27 air quality sampling station were set up, in order to monitor the index of sulfur dioxide (SO2), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and particulate matter (PM10). 18 temporary sampling move were added during the Olympic Games. The Beijing air quality was improved by these measures. The air pollution was diminish by 50 percent in 2008, and SO2, CO, NO2 and PM10 were decreased respectively by 30%, 12%, 32% and 32% compared to1998. Beijing has built 14 s ewage treatment plants and put in operation. The sewage treatment capacity rise from 320 million cubic metres in 2001 to 800 million cubic metres in 2008 and sewage treatment rate increased from 38 per cent to 90 per cent during the same period. By 2008, 57%of the citys waste water had been treated and reused. In addition, the citys forest coverage of more than 51.6%, the green coverage rate reached more than 43% of the urban centers, and the nature moderate area of 8.18% of the total area of the city. (United Nations Environment Programme, 2009)RecommendationAlthough the BOCOG has introduced the Olympic note purchasing environment guidelines, they lose the opportunity to introduce the internationally recognizable timber purchasing policy, for example Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) standards for construction material. The landfill development and waste incineration were the failures, for Beijing to use as an opportunity of the Game to move towards a zero-waste policy. Although B eijing had launched many farseeing term measures to improve the citys air quality, they used temporary measures, for example reduced the vehicle numbers and industrial production were shut down. To make sure that during the Game the air quality meets the standards. Beijing could launched more clean measures to other cities, in order to improve the air quality and the air quality will meet the standards in long term.Social ImpactEducation (United Nations Environment Programme, 2009)BOCOG focused its projects on raising awareness of the environment in both primary and secondary schools, thereby targeting the younger generation of Chinese.The major educational initiatives includeThe Beijing 2008 chief(a) and Secondary School Olympic Education Programme This program was worked with the Ministry of Education, 0.4 billion students involved and the aim of this program is to establish the Olympic stick Schools (to teach, put on and promote the value of Olympic). This program encourages the students to live in an environmentally friendly way. 200 Beijing schools out of 556 were nominated as Olympic Model Schools.The Reserve a Barrel of Water this Summer Initiative This project carried out in the primary schools. The aim is to develop initiatives of water saving and to promote the importance of water saving.Communication (United Nations Environment Programme, 2009)BOCOG has developed several initiatives to spread the message of environmental values among the general public. Among the major projects, it is worth highlightingThe Green Community and Green Home test The aim of this project is to raise the environmental awareness among Beijing families and communities, for example to reduce the using the water and energy saving, waste sorting and green consumption. The Campaign launched in Beijing and 886 communities were involved by the end of 2006.The One Day, No Engine Sounds Campaign This project aim to encourage Beijing citizens to use public transport more than pr ivate cars, and to raise their awareness about the air and noise pollution. 504 institutions joined the Campaign aft(prenominal) this has launched.The Beijing Green Map Initiative The project was developed by BOCOG and the Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau, encourages Beijing citizens to label the environmental and cultural facilities around the city.The Green Olympics, Green Action TeamBOCOG was launched this team in 2004, and the Beijing Environmental Protection Bureau to promote Olympic environmental values, sustainable development principles, good energy saving and water saving practices and environmental awareness in general. Lectures and promotion activities were hold by this team in different places, for example, in schools, factories, universities, libraries and communitiesOlympic sponsorship maker Coca-Cola and Samsung are each given a commitment to the environment. The Coca-Cola Company has committed that natural refrigerant was used by all Olympic venues freezers and vending machines, excluding the climate change will increase greenhouse gases HFCs (HFCs). Samsungs commitment that all Olympic series phones SGH-F268 phone will not contain poisonous material polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and brominates flame retardants (BFR).RecommendationAll the Olympics sponsors who using the refrigeration equipments such as Coca-Cola, McDonalds, etc, failed to seize the opportunity not to use hydrogen fluorocarbons (HFCs) natural refrigeration equipment. Electronic equipment sponsors, such as Lenovo and Panasonic missed this opportunity, as they failed to provide products which contain without polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and brominates flame retardants (BFRs) and other toxic substances.ConclusionBeijing should continue the successful achievements on environment after the Olympic Games. Beijing had developed mass transportation and to implement the environmental policies and regulations are encouraging signs that the government understand the environment more. The Greenpeace urges that when the Chinese cities are devising economic development policies, they should consider environmental protection. As China is one of the fast growing economies country in the world and now China is facing serious environmental challenges, the environmental achievements of the Beijing Olympics, especially the long term infrastructural improvements, need to be spread to other cities in china.